Composition/Properties

Chemical compositions for common stainless steels

The chemical compositions for some commonly used austenitic, ferritic, martensitic, precipitation hardening and duplex stainless steels are provided in the following tables. When specifying stainless steel chemistry, it is important to reference the appropriate ASTM standard and the UNS  (Unified Numbering System) number associated with the specific alloy or grade. UNS numbers are internationally recognized specific chemistry requirements. If common names such as AISI numbers are referenced, the UNS number should also be used to avoid confusion.

These compositions exclude phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), and silicon (Si).  Chemical composition requirements may vary with the specific product requirements so please refer to the appropriate specification.

Common NameUNS No.CCrNiMoNMnCuOther
201S201000.1516.0-18.03.5-5.5-0.255.50-7.50--
301S301000.1516.0-18.06.0-8.0-0.12--
303S303000.1517.0-19.08.0-10.00.60-2--
304S304000.0818.0-20.08.0-10.5-0.102--
304LS304030.0318.0 - 20.08.0-12.0-0.12--
302HQS304300.0817.0-19.08.0-10.0--23.0-4.0-
305S305000.1217.0-19.010.5-13.0--2--
321S321000.0817.0-19.09.0-12.0-0.12-Ti 5x(C+N)
347S347000.0817.0-19.09.0-13.0--2-Cb 10xC to 1.00
309SS309080.0822.0-24.012.0-15.0--2--
310SS310080.0824.0-26.019.0-22.0--2--
316S316000.0816.0-18.010.0-14.02.0-3.00.102--
316LS316030.0316.0-18.010.0-14.02.00-3.000.12--
317LS317030.0318.0-20.011.0-15.03.0-4.00.12--
330NO83300.0817.0-20.034.0-37.0--2--
317LMNS317260.0317.0-20.013.5-17.54.0-5.00.10-0.202--
904LN089040.0219.0-23.023.0-28.04.00-5.000.121.00-2.00-
XM-19
Nitronic 50
S219000.0620.5-23.511.5-13.51.5-3.00.20-0.404.0-6.0--
Alloy 218
Nitronic 60
S218000.1016.0-18.08.0-9.0-0.08-0.187.0-9.0--
Common NameUNS No.CCrNiMoNMnCuOther
Table 1: Austenitic Stainless Steel Chemical Compositions (Weight Percent)
Common NameUNS No.CCrNiMoNMnCuOther
409S409100.0310.5-11.70.5-0.031-Ti 6x(C+N) to .50
Cb 0.17
S409200.0310.5-11.70.5-0.031-Ti 8x(C+N) min.
Ti 0.15-0.50
Cb 0.10
S409300.0310.5-11.70.5-0.031-(Ti+Cb) [0.08+8x(C+N)] to 0.75
Ti 0.05 min.
405S405000.0811.5-14.50.6--1-Al 0.10-0.30
430S430000.1216.0-18.00.75--1--
430FS430200.1216.0-18.0-0.60-1.25--
434S434000.1216.0-18.0-0.75-1.25-1--
436S436000.1216.0-18.0-0.75-1.25-1-Cb 5xC to 0.80
439S430350.0317.0-19.00.5-0.031-Ti [0.20+4(C+N)] to 1.10
Al .15 max.
444S444000.02517.5-19.511.75-2.500.0351-(Ti+Cb) [0.20+4(C+N)] to 0.80 max.
26-3-3S446600.0325.0-28.01.0-3.53.0-4.00.041-(Ti+Cb) 0.20 to 1.00 and (Ti+Cb) 6x(C+N) min.
Common NameUNS No.CCrNiMoNMnCuOther
Table 2: Common Ferritic Stainless Steel Chemical Compositions (Weight Percent)
Common NameUNS No.CCrNiMoNMnCuOther
410S410000.08-0.1511.5-13.5---1--
416S416000.1512.0-14.0-0.60-1.25--
420S420000.15 min.12.0-14.0-0.5-1--
420FS420200.15 Min.12.0-14.0-0.60-1.25--
440AS440020.60-0.7516.0-18.0-0.75-1--
440CS440040.95-1.2016.0-18.0-0.75-1--
Common NameUNS No.CCrNiMoNMnCuOther
Table 3: Common Martensitic Stainless Steel Chemical Compositions (Weight Percent)
Common NameUNS No.CCrNiMoNMnCuOther
XM-13S138000.0512.3-13.27.5-8.52.00-2.500.010.2-Al 0.90-1.35
XM-12S155000.0714.0-15.53.5-5.5--12.5-4.5Cb+Ta 0.15-0.45
XM-25
Custom 450
S450000.0514.0-16.05.0-7.00.50-1.0-1.01.25-1.75Cb 8xC Min
632S157000.0914.0-16.06.5-7.72.00-3.00-1-Al 0.75-1.50
630S174000.0715.0-17.53.0-5.0--13.0-5.0Cb+Ta 0.15-0.45
A-286S662860.0813.5-16.024.0-27.01.0-1.5-0.35--
631S177000.0916.0-18.06.5-7.7--1-Al 0.75-1.50
Common NameUNS No.CCrNiMoNMnCuOther
Table 4: Common Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel Chemical Compositions (Weight Percent)
Common NameUNS No.CCrNiMoNMnCuOther
S312000.0324.0-26.05.5-6.51.20-2.000.14-0.202--
S312600.0324.0-26.05.5-7.52.5-3.50.10-0.3010.20-0.80W 0.10-0.50
S320010.0319.5-21.51.00-3.000.60.05-0.174.0-6.01-
S320030.0319.5-22.53.0-4.01.50-2.000.14-0.202--
S321010.0421.0-22.01.35-1.700.10-0.800.20-0.254.0-6.00.10-0.80-
S322020.0321.5-24.01.00-2.800.450.18-0.262--
2304S323040.0321.5-24.53.0-5.50.05-0.600.05-0.202.50.05-0.60-
2205S318030.0321.0-23.04.5-6.52.5-3.50.08-0.202--
2205S322050.0322.0-23.04.5-6.53.0-3.50.14-0.202--
S325060.0324.0-26.05.5-7.23.0-3.50.08-0.201-W 0.05-0.30
S325200.0324.0-26.05.5-8.03.0-4.00.20-0.351.50.50-2.00-
255S325500.0424.0-27.04.5-6.52.9-3.90.10-0.251.51.50-2.50-
2507S327500.0324.0-26.06.0-8.03.0-5.00.24-0.321.20.5-
S327600.0324.0-26.06.0-8.03.0-4.00.20-0.3010.50-1.00W 0.50-1.00
S328080.0327.0-27.97.0-8.20.8-1.20.30-0.401.1-W 2.10-2.50
S329060.0328.0-30.05.8-7.51.50-2.600.30-0.400.80-1.50.8-
S329500.0326.0-29.03.50-5.201.00-2.500.15-0.352--
S392740.0324.0-26.06.8-8.02.5-3.50.24-0.3210.20-0.80W 1.50-2.50
S820110.0320.5-23.51.0-2.00.10-1.000.15-0.272.0-3.00.5-
Common NameUNS No.CCrNiMoNMnCuOther
Table 5: Common Duplex Stainless Steel Chemical Compositions (Weight Percent)

Notes for All Tables: Data was extracted from ASTM specifications for plate, sheet, strip, and bar when available or from company data sheets.  Chemistries are the maximum percentage, unless range or minimum is indicated.

  • Austenitic, Ferritic, and Duplex – ASTM A240 for plate, sheet, and strip; and ASTM A276, ASTM A479, or ASTM A582 for bar
  • Martensitic – ASTM A176, ASTM A240, or ASTM A959, for plate, sheet, and strip; and ASTM A276, ASTM A479, or ASTM A582 for bar
  • Precipitation Hardening Grades – ASTM A693 for plate, sheet, and strip; and ASTM A 484 or ASTM A564 for bar

High temperature properties

Stainless steels have good strength and good resistance to corrosion and oxidation at elevated temperatures. Stainless steels are used at temperatures up to 1700° F for 304 and 316 and up to 2000 F for the high temperature stainless grade 309(S) and up to 2100° F for 310(S). Stainless steel is used extensively in heat exchangers, super-heaters, boilers, feed water heaters, valves and main steam lines as well as aircraft and aerospace applications.

Figure 1 (below) gives a broad concept of the hot strength advantages of stainless steel in comparison to low carbon unalloyed steel. Table 1 (below) shows the short term tensile and yield strength vs temperature. Table 2 (below) shows the generally accepted temperatures for both intermittent and continuous service.

General comparison of the hot-strength characteristics
General comparison of the hot-strength characteristics of austenitic and ferritic stainless steels with those of low-carbon unalloyed steel and semi-austenitic precipitation and transformat ion-hardening steels.

With time and temperature, changes in metallurgical structure can be expected with any metal. In stainless steel, the changes can be softening, carbide precipitation, or embrittlement. Softening or loss of strength occurs in the 300 series (304, 316, etc.) stainless steels at about 1000° F and at about 900° F for the hardenable 400 (410, 420, 440) series and 800° F for the non-hardenable 400 (409, 430) series (refer to Table 1, below).

Carbide precipitation can occur in the 300 series in the temperature range 800 – 1600° F. It can be deterred by choosing a grade designed to prevent carbide precipitation i.e., 347 (Cb added) or 321 (Ti added). If carbide precipitation does occur, it can be removed by heating above 1900° and cooling quickly.

Hardenable 400 series with greater than 12% chromium as well as the non-hardenable 400 series and the duplex stainless steels are subject to embrittlement when exposed to temperature of 700 – 950° F over an extended period of time. This is sometimes call 885F embrittlement because this is the temperature at which the embrittlement is the most rapid. 885F embrittlement results in low ductility and increased hardness and tensile strengths at room temperature, but retains its desirable mechanical properties at operating temperatures.

It may seem to be illogical that the “continuous” service temperature would be higher than the “intermittent” service temperature for the 300 series grades. The answer is that intermittent service involves “thermal cycling”, which can cause the high temperature scale formed to crack and spall. This occurs because of the difference in the coefficient of expansion between the stainless metal and the scale. As a result of this scaling and cracking, there is a greater deterioration of the surface that will occur if the temperature is continuous. Therefore the suggested intermittent service temperatures are lower. This is not the case for the 400 series (both ferritic and martensitic grades). The reason for this is not known.

(in the annealed condition except for 410)

Temperature304
& TS
ksi
316
YS
ksi
309
& TS
ksi
309S
YS
ksi
310
& TS
ksi
310S
YS
ksi
410*
TS
ksi
YS
ksi
430
TS
ksi
YS
ksi
Room Temp.844290459045110857550
400°F823680388434108856538
600°F773275368231102826236
800°F74287134782892805535
1000°F70266430702674703828
1200°F58235327592544402216
1400°F342035204124------108
1600°F241825202622------54
Temperature304
& TS
ksi
316
YS
ksi
309
& TS
ksi
309S
YS
ksi
310
& TS
ksi
310S
YS
ksi
410*
TS
ksi
YS
ksi
430
TS
ksi
YS
ksi

*heat-treated by oil quenching from 1800° F and tempering at 1200° F

MaterialIntermittent
Service Temperature
Continuous
Service Temperature
Austenitic
3041600°F
(870°C)
1700°F
(925°C)
3161600°F
(870°C)
1700°F
(925°C)
3091800°F
(980°C)
2000°F
(1095°C)
3101900°F
(1035°C)
2100°F
(1150°C)
Martensitic
4101500°F
(815°C)
1300°F
(705°C)
4201350°F
(735°C)
1150°F
(620°C)
Ferritic
4301600°F
(870°C)
1500°F
(815°C)
MaterialIntermittent
Service Temperature
Continuous
Service Temperature
Elastic Modulus in Tension GPa (ksi x 1,000)
Carbon Steel: High temperature elastic modulus in tension for some stainless steels
Common
Name
UNS
No.
20°C
(68°F)
100°C
(212°F)
200°C
(392°F)
300°C
(572°F)
400°C
(754°F)
500°C
(932°F)
Carbon steelG10200207 (30.0)
Austenitic Stainless Steels: High temperature elastic modulus in tension for some stainless steels
Common
Name
UNS
No.
20°C
(68°F)
100°C
(212°F)
200°C
(392°F)
300°C
(572°F)
400°C
(754°F)
500°C
(932°F)
304S30400193
(28)
193
(28)
193
(27.9)
187
(27.1)
183
(26.6)
179
(26.0)
321S32100193
(28)
193
(28)
193
(28)
188
(27.3)
183
(26.5)
178
(25.8)
347S34700200
(29)
194
(28.2)
190
(27.5)
185
(26.8)
180
(26.1)
310SS31008200
(29)
194
(28.2)
190
(27.5)
185
(26.8)
181
(26.2)
316LS31603200
(29.0)
194
(28.1)
185
(26.9)
177
(25.9)
169
(24.5)
160
(23.2)
317LMNS31726200
(29.0)
194
(28.1)
186
(27.0)
179
(26.0)
171
(24.8)
163
(23.6)
AL-6XN
(4)
N0836728.3
(195)
189
(27.4)
180
(26.1)
172
(24.9)
163
(23.7)
158
(23.0)
Duplex Stainless Steels: High temperature elastic modulus in tension for some stainless steels
Common
Name
UNS
No.
20°C
(68°F)
100°C
(212°F)
200°C
(392°F)
300°C
(572°F)
400°C
(754°F)
500°C
(932°F)
S32101200
(29.0)
194
(28.0)
186
(27.0)
180
(26.1)
--
2304S32304200
(29.0)
190
(27.6)
180
(26.1)
170
(24.7)
160
(23.2)
150
(21.8)
2205S31803200
(29.0)
190
(27.6)
180
(26.1)
170
(24.7)
160
(23.2)
150
(21.8)
2205S32205200
(29.0)
190
(27.6)
180
(26.1)
170
(24.7)
160
(23.2)
150
(21.8)
S32520205
(29.7)
185
(26.8)
185
(26.8)
170
(24.7)
--
255S32550210
(30.5)
200
(29.9)
198
(28.7)
192
(27.8)
182
(26.4)
170
(24.7)
2507S32750200
(29.0)
190
(27.6)
180
(26.1)
170
(24.7)
160
(23.2)
150
(21.8)
Common
Name
UNS
No.
20°C
(68°F)
100°C
(212°F)
200°C(392°F)300°C
(572°F)
400°C
(754°F)
500°C
(932°F)
Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion – Temperature 20°C (68°F) to T cm/cm/°C x 10-6 (in./in./°F x 10-6)
Carbon Steel: Mean high temperature coefficient of thermal expansion for some stainless steels
Common NameUNS No.20°C (68°F)100°C (212°F)200°C (392°F)260°C (500°F)300°C (572°F)316°C (600°F)400°C (754°F)482°C (900°F)500°C (932°F)538°C (1000°F)600°C (1112°F)649°C (1200°F)787°C (1450°F)800°C (1472°F)871°C (1600°F)1000°C (1832°F)
Carbon steelG1020012.1 (6.70)13.0 (7.22)14
(7.78)
Austenitic Stainless Steels: Mean high temperature coefficient of thermal expansion for some stainless steels
Common NameUNS No.20°C (68°F)100°C (212°F)200°C (392°F)260°C (500°F)300°C (572°F)316°C (600°F)400°C (754°F)482°C (900°F)500°C (932°F)538°C (1000°F)600°C (1112°F)649°C (1200°F)787°C (1450°F)800°C (1472°F)871°C (1600°F)1000°C (1832°F)
201S2010016.6 (9.2)18.0 (10.0)19.6 (10.9)20.3 (11.3)
301S3010016.6 (9.2)17.6 (9.8)18.6 (10.3)19.8 (11.0)
304LS3040316.6 (9.2)19.8 (11.0)
305S3050016.6 (9.2)19.8 (11.0)
321S3210016.6 (9.2)17.1 (9.5)18.9 (10.5)20.5 (11.4)
347S3470016.6 (9.2)18.9 (10.5)20.5 (11.4)
309S3090015.6 (8.7)17.6 (9.8)19.4 (10.8)
309SS3090815.6 (8.7)17.6 (9.8)
310S3100015.9 (8.8)17.1 (9.5)18.9 (10.5)
310SS3100815.9 (8.8)17.1 (9.5)
316LS3160315.7 (8.72)16.5 (9.16)16.9 (9.38)17.3 (9.61)17.6 (9.78)18.0 (10.0)19.5 (10.8)
317LS3170316.5 (9.2)18.2 (10.1)19.5 (10.8)
317LMNS3172616.1 (8.94)16.6 (9.22)17.2 (9.55)17.8 (9.89)18.5 (10.3)18.2 (10.1)19.5 (10.8)
904LN0890415.0 (8.33)15.3 (8.50)15.7 (8.72)16.1 (8.94)16.5 (9.17)16.9 (9.39)
S3125416.9 (9.40)
N0836715.3 (8.5)16.0 (8.9)
Ferritic Stainless Steels: Mean high temperature coefficient of thermal expansion for some stainless steels
Common NameUNS No.20°C (68°F)100°C (212°F)200°C (392°F)260°C (500°F)300°C (572°F)316°C (600°F)400°C (754°F)482°C (900°F)500°C (932°F)538°C (1000°F)600°C (1112°F)649°C (1200°F)787°C (1450°F)800°C (1472°F)871°C (1600°F)1000°C (1832°F)
409S4091010.52 (5.84)11.11 (6.12)11.88 (6.60)12.34 (6.86)
S40920
S40930
405S405009.7 (5.39)10.2 (5.67)11.8 (6.56)12.7 (7.06)
430S4300010.3 (5.7)11.2 (6.2)11.9
(6.6)
434S4340010.4 (5.8)11.4 (6.3)
439S4303510.2 (5.6)11.6 (6.4)12.5 (6.9)13.6 (7.5)
444S4440010.3
(5.7)
26-3-3S446609.7
(5.4)
10.2
( 5.7)
10.5 (5.9)10.8
(6.0)
S447359.4
(5.2)
9.7
(5.4)
Martensitic Stainless Steels: Mean high temperature coefficient of thermal expansion for some stainless steels
Common NameUNS No.20°C (68°F)100°C (212°F)200°C (392°F)260°C (500°F)300°C (572°F)316°C (600°F)400°C (754°F)482°C (900°F)500°C (932°F)538°C (1000°F)600°C (1112°F)649°C (1200°F)787°C (1450°F)800°C (1472°F)871°C (1600°F)1000°C (1832°F)
410S4100010.8 (6.0)12.5 (7.0)
420S4200010.8 (6.0)12.5 (7.0)
440AS4400210.8 (6.0)12.2 (6.8)
440CS4400410.1 (5.6)
Duplex Stainless Steels: Mean high temperature coefficient of thermal expansion for some stainless steels
Common NameUNS No.20°C (68°F)100°C (212°F)200°C (392°F)260°C (500°F)300°C (572°F)316°C (600°F)400°C (754°F)482°C (900°F)500°C (932°F)538°C (1000°F)600°C (1112°F)649°C (1200°F)787°C (1450°F)800°C (1472°F)871°C (1600°F)1000°C (1832°F)
S3210113.0 (7.22)13.5 (7.50)14.0 (7.78)
2304S3230413.0 (7.22)13.5 (7.50)14.0 (7.78)14.5 (8.06)15.0 (8.33)
2205S3180313.0 (7.22)13.5 (7.50)14.0 (7.78)14.5 (8.06)15.0 (8.33)
2205S3220513.0 (7.22)13.5 (7.50)14.0 (7.78)14.5 (8.06)15.0 (8.33)
S3252012.5 (6.94)13.0 (7.22)13.5 (7.50)
255S3255012.1 (6.72)12.6 (7.00)13.0 (7.22)13.3 (7.39)13.6 (7.56)
2507S3275013.0 (7.22)13.5 (7.50)14.0 (7.78)14.5 (8.06)15.0 (8.33)
Common NameUNS No.20°C (68°F)100°C (212°F)200°C (392°F)260°C (500°F)300°C (572°F)316°C (600°F)400°C (754°F)482°C (900°F)500°C (932°F)538°C (1000°F)600°C (1112°F)649°C (1200°F)787°C (1450°F)800°C (1472°F)871°C (1600°F)1000°C (1832°F)
Thermal Conductivity – W/m °C (Btu in/hr ft2 °F)
Carbon Steel: High temperature thermal conductivity for some stainless steels
Common
Name
UNS No.20°C
(68°F)
100°C
(212°F)
200°C
(392°F)
300°C
(572°F)
400°C
(754°F)
500°C
(932°F)
Carbon SteelG1020052 (360)51 (354)49 (340)43 (298)
Austenitic Stainless Steels: High temperature thermal conductivity for some stainless steels
Common
Name
UNS No.20°C
(68°F)
100°C
(212°F)
200°C
(392°F)
300°C
(572°F)
400°C
(754°F)
500°C
(932°F)
201S2010016.9 (117)21.4 (148)
304S3040016.2 (112)21.4 (148)
309SS3090816.2 (112)19.4 (135)
310SS3100815 (104)----19 (132)
316LS3160314.0 (97)14.9 (103)16.0 (111)17.3 (120)18.6 (129)19.9 (138)
317LMNS3172614.0 (97)-----
904LN0890411.5 (80)13.1 (91)15.1 (105)
S3125414.0 (97)
N0836713.7 (95)
Martensitic Stainless Steels: High temperature thermal conductivity for some stainless steels
Common
Name
UNS No.20°C
(68°F)
100°C
(212°F)
200°C
(392°F)
300°C
(572°F)
400°C
(754°F)
500°C
(932°F)
440CS44004-24.2 (168)----
Duplex Stainless Steels: High temperature thermal conductivity for some stainless steels
Common
Name
UNS No.20°C
(68°F)
100°C
(212°F)
200°C
(392°F)
300°C
(572°F)
400°C
(754°F)
500°C
(932°F)
S3210115.0
(105)
16.0
(110)
17.0
(118)
18.0
(124)
--
2304S3230416.0
(110)
17.0
(118)
19.0
(132)
20.0
(138)
21.0
(147)
22.0
(153)
2205S3180316.0
(110)
17.0
(118)
19.0
(132)
20.0
(138)
21.0
(147)
22.0
(153)
2205S3220516.0
(110)
17.0
(118)
19.0
(132)
20.0
(138)
21.0
(147)
22.0
(153)
S3252017.0
(118)
18.0
(124)
19.0
(132)
20.0
(138)
255S3255013.5
(94)
15.1
(105)
17.2 (119)19.1
(133)
20.9
(145)
22.5
(156)
2507S3275016.0
(110)
17.0
(118)
19.0
(132)
20.0
(138)
21.0
(147)
22.0
(153)
Common
Name
UNS No.20°C
(68°F)
100°C
(212°F)
200°C
(392°F)
300°C
(572°F)
400°C
(754°F)
500°C
(932°F)

Credit: These tables were extracted the following legacy brochures;

  • Nickel Institute brochure No. 11 021 High Performance Stainless Steels
  • International Molybdenum Association brochure Practical Guidelines for the Fabrication of Duplex Stainless Steels

Mechanical Properties for Common Stainless Steels

These mechanical properties correspond to the requirements for UNS grade or alloy designations in the ASTM specifications for plate, sheet, and strip referenced below. Material certified as meeting the requirements of a specification within one system, e.g., ASTM, will not necessarily meet the requirements for similar material in another specification system, e.g., EN or JIS.

Minimum Mechanical Properties of Several Stainless Plate, Sheet, and Strip Steels
Common NameUNS No.Yield Strength
MPa (ksi)
Tensile Strength
MPa (ksi)
Elongation
(%)
Hardness, Max
BrinellRockwell B
201S20100260
(38)
515
(75)
40-95
301S30100205
(30)
515
(75)
4021795
304LS30403170
(25)
515
(75)
4020192
305S30500170
(25)
515
(75)
4018388
321S32100205
(30)
515
(75)
4021795
347S34700205
(30)
515
(75)
4020192
309SS30908205
(30)
515
(75)
4021795
310SS31008205
(30)
515
(75)
4021795
316LS31603170
(25)
515
(75)
4021795
317LS31703205
(30)
515
(75)
3521795
317LMNS31726240
(35)
550
(80)
4022396
904LN08904220
(31)
490
(71)
35-90
-S31254310
(45)
655
(95)
3522396
-N08367310
(45)
655
(95)
30241-
Common NameUNS No.Yield Strength
MPa (ksi)
Tensile Strength
MPa (ksi)
Elongation
(%)
Hardness, Max
Common NameUNS No.Yield Strength
MPa (ksi)
Tensile Strength
MPa (ksi)
Elongation
(%)
Hardness, Max
BrinellRockwell B
409S40910
S40920
S40930
170
(25)
380
(55)
2017988
405S40500170
(25)
415
(60)
2017988
430S43000205
(30)
450
(65)
22
>.050” thick
18389
434S43400240
(35)
450
(65)
22-89
436S43600240
(35)
450
(65)
22-89
439S43035205
(30)
415
(60)
2218389
444S44400205
(30)
415
(60)
2021796
26-3-3S44660450
(65)
585
(85)
18241100
S44735415
(60)
550
(80)
1825525 HRC
Common NameUNS No.Yield Strength
MPa (ksi)
Tensile Strength
MPa (ksi)
Elongation
(%)
Hardness, Max
Common NameUNS No.ConditionYield Strength
MPa (ksi)
Tensile Strength
MPa (ksi)
Elongation
(%)
Hardness, Max
BrinellRockwell B
410S41000Annealed205
(30)
450
(65)
2021796
420S42035Annealed-690
(100) maximum
1521796
Common NameUNS No.ConditionYield Strength
MPa (ksi)
Tensile Strength
MPa (ksi)
Elongation
(%)
Hardness, Max
Common NameUNS No.ConditionYield Strength
MPa (ksi)
Tensile Strength MPa (ksi)Elongation
(%)
Hardness, Min
BrinellRockwell
XM-13S13800Solution Treated---363 max.
for thickness >0.0015” to 4.0”
C38 max.
for thickness >0.0015” to 4.0”
9501410
(205)
1515
(220)
8-C45
10001310
(190)
1380
(200)
8-C43
XM-12S15500Solution Treated---363 max.
for thickness >0.0015” to 4.0”
C38 max.
for thickness >0.0015” to 4.0”
9001170
(170)
1310
(190)
5-C40-48
1150930
(135)
725
(105)
8-C28-38
632S15700Solution Treated450
(65) max.
for thickness >0.0015” to 4.0”
1035
(150) max. for thickness >0.0015” to 4.0”
25 min. for thickness >0.0015” to 4.0”-B100 max.
for thickness >0.0015” to 4.0”
1400+55+10501170
(170)
1310
(190)
5-C40
1750+
(-100)
+950
1380
(200)
1550
(225)
4-C46
630S17400Solution Treated---363 max.
for thickness >0.015” to 4.0”
C38 max.
for thickness >0.015” to 4.0”
9001170
(170)
1310
(190)
5-C40-48
1150930
(135)
725
(105)
8-C28-38
631S17700Solution Treated450 (65) max.
for thickness <=0.010”
1035 (150) max. for thickness <=0.010”---
380 (55) max.
for thickness >0.010 to 4.0”
1035 (150) max.
for thickness >0.010 to 4.0”
20 min. for thickness >0.010 to 4.0”-B92 max.
for thickness >0.010 to 4.0”
1400+55+10501035
(150)
1240
(180)
6-C38
1750+
(-100)
+950
1310
(190)
1450
(210)
4-C44
Common NameUNS No.ConditionYield Strength
MPa (ksi)
Tensile Strength MPa (ksi)Elongation
(%)
Hardness, Min
Common NameUNS No.Yield Strength
MPa
(ksi)
Tensile Strength MPa
(ksi)
Elongation
(%)
Hardness, Max
BrinellRockwell B
S31200450
(65)
690
(100)
2529331 HRC
S31260485
(70)
690
(100)
20290-
S32001450
(65)
620
(90)
25-25 HRC
S32003485
(70)
thickness <=0.187”
450
(65)
thickness >=0.187”
690
(100)
thickness <=0.187”
655
(95)
thickness >=0.187”
2529331 HRC
S32101530
(77)
thickness <=0.187”
450
(65)
thickness >0.187”
700
(101)
thickness <=0.187”
650
(94)
thickness >0.187”
2529331 HRC
S32202450
(65)
650
(94)
30290-
2304S32304400
(58)
600
(87)
2529032 HRC
2205S31803450
(65)
620
(90)
2529331 HRC
2205S32205450
(65)
655
(95)
2529331 HRC
S32506450
(65)
620
(90)
1830232 HRC
S32520550
(80)
770
(112)
25310-
255S32550550
(80)
760
(110)
1530232 HRC
2507S32750550
(80)
795
(116)
1531032 HRC
S32760550
(80)
750
(108)
25270-
S32808500
(72)
700
(101)
1531032 HRC
S32906650
(94)
thickness <0.4”
550
(80)
thickness >=0.4”
800
(116)
thickness <0.4”
750
(109)
thickness >=0.4”
2531032 HRC
S32950485
(70)
690
(100)
1529332 HRC
S39274550
(80)
800
(116)
1531032 HRC
S82011515
(75)
thickness <=0.187”
450
(65)
thickness >0.187”
700
(101)
thickness <=0.187”
655
(95)
thickness >0.187”
3029331 HRC
Common NameUNS No.Yield Strength
MPa
(ksi)
Tensile Strength MPa
(ksi)
Elongation
(%)
Hardness, Max
  • Yield, tensile, and elongation are minimum values unless otherwise noted.
  • Austenitic, Ferritic, and Duplex – ASTM A240
  • Martensitic – ASTM A176 and ASTM A240
  • Precipitation Hardening – ASTM A693 – selected comparative data only – see specification for additional requirements

Credit: These tables were extracted the following legacy brochures;

  • Nickel Institute brochure No. 11 021 High Performance Stainless Steels
  • Nickel Institute brochure 16001 Practical Guidelines for the Fabrication of High Performance Austenitic Stainless Steels
  • International Molybdenum Association brochure Practical Guidelines for the Fabrication of Duplex Stainless Steels

Ambient Temperature Physical Properties of Common Stainless Steels

Common NameUNS No.DensitySpecific HeatElectrical ResistivityYoung’s Modulus
g/cm3lb./in3J/kg°KBtu/lb./°Fmicro ohm-mmicro ohm-in.GPax106 psi
Carbon SteelG102007.640.2784470.1070.13.920730
Common NameUNS No.DensitySpecific HeatElectrical ResistivityYoung’s Modulus
Common NameUNS No.DensitySpecific HeatElectrical ResistivityYoung’s Modulus
g/cm3lb./in3J/kg°KBtu/lb./°Fmicro ohm-mmicro ohm-in.GPax106 psi
201S201007.860.2845020.120.67-20730
301S301008.030.29--0.7228.319328
304LS304037.90.2855000.120.7228.320029
305S305007.90.2855000.120.7228.320029
321S321007.920.2865000.120.7228.319328
347S347007.960.2885000.120.7228.319328
309S309008.030.295020.120.7830.720029
310S310008.030.295020.120.943720029
316LS316037.950.2874690.1120.7429.120029
317LS317037.950.287--0.7931.1--
317LMNS317268.020.295020.1120.8533.520029
904LN089047.950.2874610.110.9537.419028
S312547.950.2874980.1190.8533.520029
N083678.060.2914610.110.893519528.2
Common NameUNS No.DensitySpecific HeatElectrical ResistivityYoung’s Modulus
NameUNS No.DensitySpecific HeatElectrical ResistivityYoung’s Modulus
g/cm3lb./in3J/kg°KBtu/lb./°Fmicro ohm-mmicro ohm-in.GPax106 psi
409S40910
S40920
S40930
7.760.284770.1140.6-20029
405S405007.720.2794600.110.6-20029
430S430007.70.2784600.110.623.6--
434S434007.740.284600.110.623.6820029
439S430357.6950.2784600.110.63-20029
444S444007.750.284470.107----
26-3-3S446607.70.2785000.120.6640021431
S447357.670.2774480.1070.7243020730
NameUNS No.DensitySpecific HeatElectrical ResistivityYoung’s Modulus
NameUNS No.DensitySpecific HeatElectrical ResistivityYoung’s Modulus
g/cm3lb./in3J/kg°KBtu/lb./°Fmicro ohm-mmicro ohm-in.GPax106 psi
410S410007.750.284600.110.56-20029
420S420007.730.2784600.110.56-20029
440AS440027.740.2794600.110.62-20029
440CS440047.620.2754600.110.6-20029
NameUNS No.DensitySpecific HeatElectrical ResistivityYoung’s Modulus
NameUNS No.ConditionDensitySpecific HeatElectrical ResistivityYoung’s Modulus
g/cm3lb./in3J/kg°KBtu/lb./°Fmicro ohm-mmicro ohm-in.GPax106 psi
XM-13S13800A7.760.28--1.02---
XM-12S15500A7.750.28--0.98-19628.5
632S15700A7.80.282--0.82-19528
630S17400A7.750.28--0.98-19628.5
631S17700A7.810.282--0.8-20029
NameUNS No.ConditionDensitySpecific HeatElectrical ResistivityYoung’s Modulus
NameUNS No.DensitySpecific HeatElectrical ResistivityYoung’s Modulus
g/cm3lb./in3J/kg°KBtu/lb./°Fmicro ohm-mmicro ohm-in.GPax106 psi
329S329007.70.284600.110.831.520029
S315007.750.284820.11520029
S321017.80.2815000.1190.831.520029
2304S323047.750.284820.1150.831.520029
S318037.80.2815000.1190.831.520029
2205S322057.80.2815000.1190.831.520029
S312607.80.2815020.1220029
S327507.850.2854800.1140.831.520529.7
255S325507.810.2824880.1160.8433.121030.5
S392747.80.2815020.1220029
S327607.840.2810.8533.519027.6
S325207.850.284500.1080.8533.520529.7
2507S327507.790.284850.1150.831.520029
NameUNS No.DensitySpecific HeatElectrical ResistivityYoung’s Modulus

Credit: These tables were extracted the following legacy brochures and company datasheets;

  • Nickel Institute brochure No. 11 021 High Performance Stainless Steels
  • Nickel Institute brochure 16001 Practical Guidelines for the Fabrication of High Performance Austenitic Stainless Steels
  • International Molybdenum Association brochure Practical Guidelines for the Fabrication of Duplex Stainless Steels